Artificial Intelligence

AI in Healthcare; AI in Finance; AI in Autonomous Vehicles

C-CAT

AI in Healthcare

ApplicationDescriptionTechnology
Medical ImagingDetect tumors, fractures from X-ray/MRI/CTCNN, U-Net
Drug DiscoveryFind new drug moleculesAlphaFold, generative AI
Disease DiagnosisIdentify diseases from symptomsExpert systems, DNN
Precision MedicinePersonalize treatment by genomicsGenomics + ML
Patient MonitoringTrack vitals continuously via wearablesIoT + Edge AI
Robot-Assisted SurgeryPrecise minimally invasive surgeryDa Vinci system
Drug InteractionPredict adverse drug interactionsKnowledge graphs
Mental HealthChatbot therapy, mood monitoringNLP, sentiment analysis

AlphaFold — Groundbreaking Achievement

AlphaFold (DeepMind) is an AI system that predicts the 3D structure of proteins from their amino acid sequence.

  • Solved a 50-year-old biology problem
  • Predicted structure of 200 million proteins (nearly all known proteins)
  • Freely released to the scientific community
  • Could accelerate drug discovery by decades

AI in Finance

ApplicationDescriptionTechnology
Fraud DetectionIdentify fraudulent transactions in real timeAnomaly detection, ML
Credit ScoringAssess loan risk based on multiple factorsGradient boosting (XGBoost)
Algorithmic TradingAutomated stock/forex tradingRL, time-series ML
Risk AssessmentCalculate portfolio and market riskSimulation + ML
KYC AutomationVerify customer identityNLP + OCR + CV
ChatbotsCustomer financial adviceNLP
AMLAnti-money laundering pattern detectionGraph ML, anomaly detection
InsuranceClaims processing, fraud detectionNLP + CV

AI in Autonomous Vehicles

SAE Levels of Autonomy

LevelNameDescriptionExample
Level 0No AutomationHuman does everythingTraditional car
Level 1Driver AssistanceOne feature (cruise control)Adaptive cruise control
Level 2Partial AutomationMultiple features simultaneouslyTesla Autopilot
Level 3Conditional AutomationSystem drives; human ready to take overAudi Traffic Jam Pilot
Level 4High AutomationNo human needed in limited areasWaymo Robotaxi
Level 5Full AutomationNo human needed anywhereFuture autonomous vehicles

Technologies in Autonomous Vehicles

TechnologyRole in AV
CameraLane detection, traffic sign recognition, pedestrian detection
LIDAR3D mapping of surroundings; measures distances precisely
RADARDetect objects and speed in bad weather (rain, fog)
GPS + HD MapsPrecise positioning (cm accuracy)
CNNObject detection and classification from camera images
Sensor FusionCombine inputs from all sensors for robust perception
Path PlanningCalculate optimal, safe route in real time
Control SystemExecute steering, braking, acceleration commands

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